This type of satellite allows to investigate and monitor the territory both in the natural component – for example areas subject to natural disasters, crops and vegetation or areas exposed to hydro-geological risk – and anthropic – for example the monitoring of urban development and anthropic activities , or war zones.
The satellite equipped with a radar sensor (SAR) illuminates the ground with an electromagnetic signal (as the Sun does) and records the time it takes to return to the satellite together with the intensity with which it is reflected for each point illuminated by the signal.
The radar sensor has the potential to acquire information even in the absence of sunlight and to penetrate the cloud cover thanks to of the emission of the electromagnetic signal.
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